Initiating Events
About Initiating Events
Initiating events represent the various types of causes that can result in a hazardous scenario. In LOPA, you can create an Initiating Event record for each type of initiating cause. When you create a LOPA, these records are used to populate the frequency of occurrence of the Initiating Event.
Default Initiating Event Records
By default, the following Initiating Event records are available in GE Digital APM:
| Initiating Event ID | Lower Boundary | Upper Boundary | Default Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gasket/packing blowout | 1E-06 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
| LOTO(lock-out-tag-out) | 0.0001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Unloading/loading hose failure | 0.01 | 1 | 0.01 |
| Cooling water failure | 0.01 | 1 | 0.01 |
| Atmospheric tank failure | 1E-05 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Crane load drop | 0.0001 | 0.001 | 0.0001 |
| Piping residual failure-100m-Full Breach | 1E-06 | 1E-05 | 1E-05 |
| Pump seal failure | 0.01 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Piping leak(10% section)-100m | 0.0001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Pressure Vessel Residual Failure | 1E-07 | 1E-05 | 1E-06 |
| Large external fire(aggregate causes) | 0.001 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Safety valve opens spuriously | 0.0001 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
| BPCS instrument loop failure | 0.01 | 1 | 0.1 |
| Regulator failure | 0.1 | 1 | 0.1 |
| Operator failure | 0.0001 | 0.1 | 0.01 |
| Small external fire(aggregate causes) | 0.01 | 0.1 | 0.1 |
| Lightning strike | 0.0001 | 0.001 | 0.001 |
| Third party intervention(external impact by backhoe, vehicle, etc.) | 0.0001 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
| Turbine/diesel engine overspeed with casing breach | 0.0001 | 0.001 | 0.0001 |
Access an Initiating Event
Procedure
- In the left pane, select Initiating Events.
A list of available Initiating Events appears.
- In the row for the Initiating Event that you want to access, in the Initiating Event ID column, select the link.
In the Record Manager, the page for the selected record appears, displaying the datasheet for the record.
Note:To modify the Initiating Event, as needed, modify values in the available fields, and then select
to save your changes. The values in the existing LOPA and Hazards Analysis Cause records that have used the modified Initiating Event, will not be affected by the changes. - If you want to apply the changes to an existing LOPA, on the LOPA datasheet, in the Initiating Event Type box, you must reselect the Initiating Event that you modified.
- If you want to apply the changes to an existing Cause, on the Hazards Analysis Cause datasheet, in the CCPS Cause Type box, you must reselect the Initiating Event that you modified.
Create an Initiating Event
Before You Begin
-
For the Initiating Event that you want to create, you must create a system code in the INIT_EVENT System Code Table. The System Code Table populates the Initiating Event ID box. When you create the Initiating Event, in the Initiating Event ID box, you must select the value that you entered in the System Code Table.
Procedure
- In the left pane, select Initiating Events.
A list of available Initiating Events appears.
- In the upper-left corner of the workspace, select
.A blank datasheet for Initiating Event appears.
- In the upper-right corner of the workspace, select .
The Initiating Event record is created.
Results
- On the LOPA datasheet, the Initiating Event that you created appears in the list of values in the Initiating Event Type box.
- On the Hazards Analysis Cause datasheet, the Initiating Event that you created appears in the list of values in the CCPS Cause Type box.
Delete an Initiating Event
Before You Begin
- Before you can delete an Initiating Event, you must delete the corresponding System Code that you created in the INIT_EVENT System Code Table.
Procedure
- In the left pane, select Initiating Events.A list of available Initiating Events appears.
- In the row for each Initiating Event that you want to delete, select the check box.
In the upper-right corner of the workspace, the
button is enabled. - Select .The Delete Initiating Events dialog box appears, asking you to confirm that you want to delete each selected Initiating Event.
Results
- On the LOPA datasheet, the Initiating Event that you deleted does not appear in the list of values in the Initiating Event Type box.
- On the Hazards Analysis Cause datasheet, the Initiating Event that you deleted does not appear in the list of values in the CCPS Cause Type box.Note: The values in the existing LOPA and Hazards Analysis Cause records that have used the deleted Initiating Event will not be affected when you delete the Initiating Event record.